تغییرات اقلیم و قزل آلا

 

قبل از اینکه در مورد ماهی ها بگویم، بابت تاخیر چند روز در به روز رسانی سایت عذرخواهی کنم. اما قضیه از این قرار است که مطالعه ای که اخیرا منتشر شده است از اثرات تغییرات اقلیمی بر قزل آلا می گوید. در این مقاله که توسط یک گروه دوازده نفری از پژوهشگران تهیه شده است چنین نتیجه گیری شده که در طی هفتاد سال آینده برخی زیستگاه های این نوع ماهی بین 33 تا 58 درصد آسیب می بیند. سناریوهای این پژوهش بر مبنای مدل های مختلف اقلیمی تهیه شده است.

در مورد این خبر اینجا بیشتر بخوانید.

مقاله هم که روی PNAS منتشر شده اینجا قابل دسترسی است.

در مورد سایر اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر ماهی ها اینجا و اینجا مطالعه کنید.

دیگه چی؟ آها، اینم جزییات مقاله:

Seth J. Wenger, Daniel J. Isaak, Charles H. Luce, Helen M. Neville, Kurt D. Fausch, Jason B. Dunham, Daniel C. Dauwalter, Michael K. Young, Marketa M. Elsner, Bruce E. Rieman, Alan F. Hamlet, and Jack E. Williams, Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change PNAS 2011 ; published ahead of print August 15, 2011, doi:10.1073/pnas.1103097108

Abstract

Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic interactions. We use downscaled outputs from general circulation models coupled with a hydrologic model to forecast the effects of altered flows and increased temperatures on four interacting species of trout across the interior western United States (1.01 million km2), based on empirical statistical models built from fish surveys at 9,890 sites. Projections under the 2080s A1B emissions scenario forecast a mean 47% decline in total suitable habitat for all trout, a group of fishes of major socioeconomic and ecological significance. We project that native cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii, already excluded from much of its potential range by nonnative species, will lose a further 58% of habitat due to an increase in temperatures beyond the species’ physiological optima and continued negative biotic interactions. Habitat for nonnative brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta is predicted to decline by 77% and 48%, respectively, driven by increases in temperature and winter flood frequency caused by warmer, rainier winters. Habitat for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, is projected to decline the least (35%) because negative temperature effects are partly offset by flow regime shifts that benefit the species. These results illustrate how drivers other than temperature influence species response to climate change. Despite some uncertainty, large declines in trout habitat are likely, but our findings point to opportunities for strategic targeting of mitigation efforts to appropriate stressors and locations.